Pars plana anterior vitrectomy

The only ophthalmologists who have zero surgical complications are those who don’t operate and those who are not fully truthful. … More

Review: fixing beginner mistakes

Learning intra-ocular surgery is not easy and it can take years just to be comfortable with just the basics. Look … More

Resident Cataract Surgery Final Exam

Today is June 30 and that is the final day of residency training in the USA since our academic year … More

Analysis of Resident Surgery Steps

This video features side-by-side double camera angles so that we can simultaneously see the microscope view as well as the … More

Resident Case Double Camera Angles

For experienced surgeons (which I define as those who have done at least a few thousand cataract surgeries), the microscope … More

Resident surgeon does case #100

For all of our young surgeons who are learning cataract surgery, this is a great video because it shows you … More

Review: The Angle of Approach for Incisions

The angle of approach of the keratome will determine the tunnel length of our phaco incision. If the angle is … More

Tough cataract case for a resident

We are thankful for the many video submissions we receive from our readers, particularly from residents or registrars who are … More

Newbie Resident Cataract Surgery

Even experienced surgeons can learn by watching novice surgeons operate. A nickname for a novice is a newbie since the … More

Review: Embed the phaco tip without ultrasound

This review is particularly important for ophthalmologists who do cataract surgery for patients with mild to moderate nuclear density. This … More

Posterior capsule rupture – finish the case

This resident case is a challenge: the posterior capsule is ruptured but there is still cortex to be removed. Can … More

Benchmark: Senior Resident Chop

This is a good benchmark for what a senior resident should be able to achieve by the end of residency … More

Resident Surgeon Stop-and-Chop

This is an anonymously submitted video of a resident performing cataract surgery number 60 and the technique is stop-and-chop. This … More

Secret to Chopping Dense Cataracts

For the phaco chop technique, the nucleus is held stationary by the vacuum level of the phaco probe. This is … More

How to recover from a capsule rupture

It happens to all surgeons, and it is much more common in beginning surgeons: rupture of the posterior capsule during … More

Capsulorhexis Pivoting

The key to making a great capsulorhexis is understanding the pivoting technique. This allows us to float within the incision … More

How to Rescue this Capsulorhexis

We have previously discussed the Little Maneuver which is a method of saving a run away capsulorhexis. In this case, … More

You must learn this before finishing residency

The challenge of residency training is that you have just a limited time to learn surgery. You can read books … More

Refining your Surgical Signature

It is so important for surgeons to take pride in their work. You must do a great job, or don’t … More

Epi-Nucleus Flip Technique

With a thick epi-nuclear shell, it is easier to remove it with the phaco probe as compared to the I/A … More

Cataract Quiz: The chop failed. Now what?

Even for expert cataract surgeons, sometimes the attempt at phaco chop fails. This can be due to many reasons and … More

Resident Cataract Case #165 Evaluation

This video is submitted anonymously by a resident ophthalmologist who has completed 164 cataract surgeries so far. This case, his … More

Review: External View of Cataract Surgery Steps

Two of the most critical steps in cataract surgery are the main phaco incision and the capsulorhexis. Properly completing these … More

Review: Side View of Hand Position

While we do hold the phaco probe with a pencil grip, we do not use the same angle as writing with … More

Trouble learning phaco chop? Try this first

One of the main reasons why phaco chop is more difficult to learn than divide-and-conquer is that there is a … More

Checking the IOP at the end of surgery

We want to ensure an appropriate intra-ocular pressure (IOP) at the end of surgery. This puts the eye in a … More

Struggling with Phaco Chop? Let me help you

I will be the first to tell you that mastering phaco chop is not easy, but it is certainly worth … More

Phaco Incision Do-Over

In this case, the resident begins by making a phaco incision that is not good. The roof is too thin … More

Recovering from a radialized capsulorhexis

Learning to perform a consistent capsulorhexis is one of the toughest steps of cataract surgery. The anterior capsule is only … More

List of Key Videos for Residents

A young doctor in training asked me to put together a list of key videos prior to her first day … More

Resident Surgeon Learning to do Phaco Chop

In your quest to learn phaco chop, it is helpful to watch other beginning surgeons perform the same technique. In … More

Re-draping the eye makes surgery more efficient

When we place the drapes on the eye and eyelids, it serves to give us better exposure of the surgical … More

It takes new surgeons years to figure this out

This is such a great lesson, that I’m going to limit the text here. Watch the video and learn something … More

Cataract Surgery Lessons from Kyoto

I recently went to Kyoto, Japan for ophthalmology business development projects and I also had a chance to visit a … More

Review: External View of Phaco Chop

Most of the videos on this site are taken through the operating microscope. This gives the view of exactly what … More

Learning Vertical Chop

Vertical chop means that both the phaco probe and the chopper are placed within the capsulorhexis and then both are … More

Making a Scleral Tunnel Phaco Incision

For 99% of my patients, making a corneo-limbal phaco incision is ideal. However, there are cases such as this patient … More

Draping the Eye for Cataract Surgery

Draping the eye is important for cataract surgery. It helps us to create a sterile field and it isolates the … More

Mastering Divide-and-Conquer Phaco

Back by popular demand! Most beginning surgeons start by learning divide-and-conquer as the primary method of nucleus division for cataract … More

Do you really want to learn surgery?

This is one of the most important videos that I have ever made. If you only watch one of my … More

I am thankful for…

Today is Thanksgiving in the USA, which is a holiday in the USA when we give thanks to the people … More

Left-Handed Phaco: What is different?

In this video we review the differences between right-handed phaco and left-handed phaco. As expected, the instruments are held differently, … More

Review: Choosing Phaco Machine Settings

Surgeons often ask about which phaco settings are best. The answer is that it depends on the surgeon, the machine, … More

Watch out for the tubing lines!

This is a simple, but important, lesson: keep the tubing lines and the phaco power cord away from your surgical … More

Review: Learn Horizontal Phaco Chop

The original phaco chop technique described by Dr. Nagahara in 1995 was the horizontal chop. This involves holding the lens … More

Evaluation of a resident chop technique

This video was submitted by a resident in Asia who is still learning phaco and has upgraded to using the … More

Does Capsulorhexis direction matter?

Does it matter which way you perform the capsulorhexis? Clockwise or counterclockwise, which is better? What about for right handed … More

How to sculpt a nuclear groove

Sculpting a groove in the nucleus is required for techniques such as divide-and-conquer and stop-and-chop. The groove works best when … More

Resident Stop and Chop Cataract #50

After doing 50 cataract surgeries, most beginning surgeons have developed good technique for the steps of the procedure. For surgeons … More

Review: Angle sweep to remove all OVD

When we fill the eye with viscoelastic, we push it with the greatest force into the opposite angle of the … More

Cataract Surgery Draping is Critical

Watching amazing intra-ocular acrobatics during a challenging cataract case is exciting and makes for a great video, but those cases … More

Close Up: Technique for Phaco Incision

We have shown many videos about the importance of the phaco incision. It is part of the signature that you … More

Capsulorhexis technique with just forceps

In more than 99% of my cataract surgery cases, I do not use a cystotome to start the capsulorhexis. I … More

Surgeon Ergonomics for Ocular Surgery

As an ophthalmic surgeon, you will spend a large part of your future in the operating room performing delicate ocular … More

When should we leave “good enough” alone?

When should we leave “good enough” alone? Ophthalmologists tend to be perfectionists in nature and I certainly fit that description. … More

Review: An easy way to help seal the incision

If your phaco incision is properly constructed, it will typically seal quite well without the use of sutures. We can … More

Secrets to Avoid Corneal Edema after Cataract Surgery

Corneal edema can occur after cataract surgery due to a number of factors such as a higher degree of ultrasonic … More

Analysis of a Divide-and-Conquer Cataract Case

This anonymously submitted video is from a surgeon who is 5 years into practice after the culmination of her training. … More

Review: Embed the phaco probe without ultrasound

The classic teaching for phaco chop and quadrant removal is to embed the phaco probe into the nuclear piece by … More

How to Save this Run-Out Capsulorhexis

This case is performed by a junior resident who has done about 20 cases so far. The trouble starts when … More

Lysis of Synechiae and Capsule Staining under Iris

This patient had a prior episode of anterior segment inflammation which caused synechiae to develop, with adhesion of the iris … More

Quiz: Why does this pupil look irregular?

This patient is undergoing a combined cataract surgery with a pars plana vitrectomy. Two novice surgeons are operating: a senior … More

Combined Phaco + MIGS for cataract + glaucoma

Cataract surgery alone is a powerful technique for lowering intra-ocular pressure, particularly in patients with glaucoma. By replacing the 4+ … More

What is the correct way to hold a fluid syringe?

When we have a syringe that is filled with liquid, be it balanced salt solution or visco-elastic, we have a … More

Resident Double Capsulorhexis for White Cataract

We know that intumescent white cataracts have a pressurized capsular bag with the milky white, liquefied cortex material. And we … More

Review: Phaco Incision OCT & Live Video Analysis

The phaco incision is part of your signature which links you to the patient’s eye forever. Your incision will forever be visible … More

Phaco Chop without using the phaco probe

This is a cataract surgery performed by a resident in training and the patient is known to have Fuchs’ corneal … More

Resident Surgeon takes on a Dense White Cataract

It is a pleasure to show you this video where one of my senior residents performs and excellent cataract surgery … More

Slow motion analysis of posterior capsule rupture

Watching surgical video of cases is very helpful to understand the how and when of the complications of cataract surgery. … More

Quiz: What is the huge danger seen in this photo?

This surgery is being performed by a senior resident and it starts off great. It is a dense white cataract … More

Novice surgeon performs cataract surgery

This video was anonymously submitted by an ophthalmology trainee outside of the USA. He has completed about 90 cataract surgeries … More

Analyzing a resident Stop-and-Chop case

Most of the uncut surgical videos that are shown here are very efficient and complete cases can be performed in … More

Advice for young ophthalmologists for future success

Today we celebrate our 500th post with keen advice for young doctors. We did it. We have published a cataract … More

Milky fluid leaks out of the intumescent cataract

We have explained over the course of many videos that intumescent white cataracts are challenging. One of the primary considerations … More

Cataract Surgery using a Scleral Tunnel Incision

Twenty years ago, when I did my residency training at the Jules Stein Eye Institute at the UCLA School of … More

Top 5 Cataract Surgery Tips for Millennial Surgeons

For the Millennial Eye Live 2019 meeting, I am presenting this talk about my top 5 tips for young surgeons … More

Quiz: What happens with insufficient hydro-dissection?

What happens if the hydro-dissection is insufficient during cataract surgery? The cortex and epi-nuclear shell remain very adherent to the … More

Flip up the epi-nucleus for easy aspiration

In some cataract cases it is helpful to perform hydro-delineation to separate the dense endo-nucleus from the softer epi-nucleus. Once … More

Review: if the chop fails, revert to stop and chop

Sometimes we attempt to use phaco chop to divide the cataract nucleus, but we are just not able to achieve … More

What am I thinking while doing cataract surgery?

It’s time for a fun video — what am I thinking while performing cataract surgery? I like the operating room … More

Review: Anterior Vitrectomy & Sulcus IOL Placement

With vitreous prolapsed into the anterior chamber, we must perform a vitrectomy before placing the IOL in the eye. In … More

Beginner Surgeon attempts a dense white cataract

Dense white cataracts are challenging for multiple reasons: the opaque lens blocks any red reflex, the capsular bag may be … More

Optimizing the Red Reflex during Surgery

Illumination through the ophthalmic microscope is important for visualization during cataract surgery. We use a combination of both coaxial and … More

Review: Adjusting the phaco tip & I/A tip

For coaxial instruments like the phaco probe and the irrigation/aspiration probe, what is the best position for the silicone sleeve … More

Let’s watch a resident perform divide-and-conquer

Many residents choose divide-and-conquer as the first nucleo-fractis technique to learn during residency training. This technique has been featured here … More

Adjust the speculum to make access easier

We often will move the positions of our incisions to provide a better result for the patient or a more … More

Understanding Force Directions in Phaco Chop

Many resident surgeons find it challenging to learn the technique of phaco chop because of the force vectors which are … More

Adjust the Phaco Probe Angle during Chop

The phaco probe angle changes during the procedure. When we embed the phaco tip into the nucleus, the probe is … More

Review: How to hydrate and seal the phaco incision

A properly constructed phaco incision will allow good access to the anterior chamber for cataract surgery and then will seal … More

Sub-Tenon’s Anesthetic Injection Technique

Placing anesthetic agents in the retro-bulbar space provides excellent anesthesia and akinesia during ocular surgery. We have previously shown the … More

Review: Beginning Surgeon Learns Phaco Chop

You’ve seen countless videos of phaco chop, but you seem to be stuck in a mode of less efficient techniques … More

Quiz: Which eye do you fix first?

This patient needs surgery on both eyes. The right eye has a cataract which is limiting the vision to 20/80 … More

Different Career Paths for Surgical Learning

The path to learning surgery is a long and challenging one. True success requires years of dedication and the passion … More

Side View shows the Phaco Probe at a flat angle

While we do hold the phaco probe with a pencil grip, we do not use the same angle as writing … More

Foot Pedal Position during Phaco Chop

Learning phaco chop will make your cataract surgeries safer, more efficient, and more enjoyable to perform. And of course, phaco … More

What’s on my Cataract Surgery Instrument tray?

In this video I take you through my instrument tray for routine cataract surgery. As you can see in this … More

Review: Divide and Conquer Phaco Technique

Every July, we mark the beginning of the academic year in the USA and this is when our residents progress … More

Tilt and Tumble Phaco Technique

The Tilt and Tumble phaco technique is a very efficient and safe method of nucleus removal. First described many years … More

Foot Pedal Positions for Learning Phaco Chop

Cataract surgery requires both hands and both feet of the surgeon in order to perform the modern techniques. It seems … More

External View of Critical Cataract Surgery Steps

Two of the most critical steps in cataract surgery are the main phaco incision and the capsulorhexis. Properly completing these … More

Review: Basic Principles of Suturing with 10-0 Nylon

I tell my residents that no one is born knowing how to place 10-0 nylon sutures, but rather it is … More

Superior Incision: Hand Position & Microscope Views

While I prefer the temporal approach for routine cataract surgeries, some surgeons prefer a superior incision. Many beginning surgeons who … More

Simultaneous Hand Position and Microscope View

For young ophthalmologists, learning how to hold the instruments and position the hands during cataract surgery can be difficult to … More

Proper Hand Positioning in Cataract Surgery

This is a special video because the camera is focused on my hands for the entire surgery, from placing the … More

Do not retract the phaco probe or you may lose infusion

When we break up the cataract using the phaco chop technique, we can end up with smaller nuclear pieces which … More

Technique for Retrobulbar Anesthetic Injection

To perform a safe cataract surgery and to keep the patient comfortable and pain-free, we need to give a sufficient … More

Review: Learning Grid for Cataract Surgery

July 1 is the beginning of the academic year for our ophthalmology residents and it is an important time to … More

Analysis of a Resident’s 60th Cataract Surgery

As we get close to starting the academic year in the USA (which runs from July 1, 2019 to June … More

Hand Positioning during Cataract Surgery

When performing micro-surgery, particularly intra-ocular surgery like cataract surgery, a high level of precision is required. The surgeon’s hand positioning … More

Analysis of a Resident’s 50th Cataract Surgery (Part 2)

Continuing from the previous post, this is part 2 of 2 of the analysis of a resident’s 50th cataract surgery. … More

Analysis of a Resident’s 50th Cataract Surgery (Part 1)

This is Part 1 of 2 where we are analyzing an anonymous resident’s 50th cataract surgery, which is very early … More

Capsulorhexis in 12 consecutive cataract surgeries

Seeing the same step of surgery performed over and over again can help beginning surgeons learn the subtleties of the … More

Review: 3 Rules for Making Phaco Incisions

Over the last two decades, cataract surgery has evolved from scleral incisions to corneal incisions, from retrobulbar anesthesia to topical … More

Quiz: It’s a good incision so why did the AC collapse?

Quiz time! Watch this brief video carefully and figure out why the anterior chamber collapsed after this resident surgeon made … More

Learning to be consistent: 12 consecutive incisions

We aim to be consistent in our surgeries so that we can make a well-constructed incision each and every time. … More

Anterior Vitrectomy & Sulcus IOL with Optic Capture

With vitreous prolapsed into the anterior chamber, we must perform a vitrectomy before placing the IOL in the eye. In … More

Collapse of the capsular bag during cortex removal

This is a continuation of the case from yesterday, you can review it here. In that case, the phaco probe … More

The Chop failed because the nuclear halves did not separate

The phaco chop technique is like splitting firewood: the instrument creates the initial cleavage plane which then must be propagated … More

For ultra high myopes, do not aim for plano!

For patients with a large degree of myopia, undergoing cataract surgery can be life changing because in addition to fixing … More

Review: Give the First Surgeon the Benefit of the Doubt

Sometimes you will examine a patient who had surgery elsewhere and you can tell that there were challenges and complications. … More

The ideal Angle of Approach for the phaco incision

The angle of approach of the keratome will determine the tunnel length of our phaco incision. If the angle is … More

Review: How to make a single-plane phaco incision

Many of the more advanced cataract surgeons prefer a single-plane phaco incision because its consistent architecture makes for great sealing. … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 7: Ultrasound Power Modulations

The phaco ultrasound probe delivers energy into the eye that can be used to break up the cataract to facilitate … More

Review: Complete this case without vitreous prolapse

This is a great learning case from one of our young surgeons in training. The video is 14 minutes long … More

Phaco Incision OCT & Live Video Analysis

The phaco incision is part of your signature which links you to the patient’s eye forever. Your incision will forever … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 5: Choosing Fluidic Parameters

Now that you have a good understanding of the principals of the fluidics involved in phaco surgery, let’s look at … More

Resident Posterior Polar Cataract with Hydro-Delineation

With a posterior polar cataract, the posterior capsule can be weak, fragile, or even focally absent and this poses challenges … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 4: Poiseuille’s Equation

Modulating Fluid Flow: Poiseuille’s Equation The basic equation that governs all fluid flow during phacoemulsification surgery is Poiseuille’s Equation. You … More

Ahmed Valve Placement for Neo-Vascular Glaucoma

This patient has a history of severe diabetic eye disease including proliferative retinopathy and prior pan-retinal photocoagulation as well as … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 3: Peristaltic vs Venturi Pumps

Peristaltic and Venturi Fluid Pumps With modern-day techniques of phaco-assisted aspiration of cataracts, one of the most important concepts in … More

Resident Case: Iris Prolapse during Cataract Surgery

When we encounter iris prolapse in a patient with a light-colored iris, we must be very careful because any iatrogenic … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 2: Foot Pedal & Inflow/Outflow

Part 2 in our series focuses on the Foot Pedal Position and then balancing Inflow versus Outflow to achieve stable … More

Be Careful if you see the Hole Punch Sign during Phaco

In your first 1000 cataract surgeries, the most common cause of a posterior capsule rupture is iatrogenic damage from the … More

Embed the phaco probe in the nucleus without ultrasound

The classic teaching for phaco chop and quadrant removal is to embed the phaco probe into the nuclear piece by … More

Phaco Fundamentals Part 1: Choosing Steps of Surgery

Every Wednesday, we are going to start a new module to teach Phaco Fundamentals of machine parameters, including fluidics and … More

Converting from Phaco to Manual ECCE Surgery

While it is rare, there are times when it is important to convert from a phaco approach to a manual … More

Position the head so the iris is parallel to the floor

Proper positioning of the patient for cataract surgery is important for the comfort of the patient and the surgeon, but … More

Left-Handed versus Right-Handed with Phaco Incisions

It can be helpful to place our phaco incisions on the steep axis of cornea astigmatism in order to provide … More

Pearls for Using Iris Hooks to Expand Small Pupils

Sometimes, the best approach to expanding a small pupil for cataract surgery is to use iris hooks. These are small, … More

Achieving the State of Flow in Cataract Surgery

The psychological state of Flow is described as “energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment” of the action being performed. Some … More

White Cataract Posterior Capsule Rupture!

In this anonymous video from a surgeon in training, we have quite the challenge: a dense white cataract surgery where … More